Senarai Universiti Tertua Di Dunia.
Ramai yg terkeliru ttg universiti manakah yg tertua di dunia, ada yg mengatakan universiti Al-Azhar di Mesir. Saya juga pernah berpandangan begitu. Tetapi ternyata ia meleset kerana masih ada universiti yg lebih tua daripada universiti Al-Azhar...
Universiti Al-Qarawiyyin, Fes, Morocco
Semoga senarai ini memberi satu maklumat baru kepada anda sekalian, dan juga membetulkan persepsi @ maklumat sesetengah pihak.
Year | Current Location | Name | Other notes |
---|---|---|---|
859 | Fes,Morocco | University of Al-Karaouine1 (Arabic: جامعة القرويين) | Recognised by the Guinness Book of World Records as the world’s oldest continuously-operating, degree-granting university.[3] |
975 | Cairo,Egypt | Al-Azhar University1 (Arabic: الأزهر الشريÙ) | A degree-granting Jam’iah (“university” in Arabic)[1] with individual faculties[4] for a Madrasah and theological seminary,Islamic law and jurisprudence, Arabic grammar, Islamic astronomy, early Islamic philosophy, and logic in Islamic philosophy.[1] |
1088 | Bologna,Italy | University of Bologna | |
1150 | Paris,France | University of Paris | Exact date uncertain, founded before 1150. Teaching suspended in 1229. Split into 13 universities in 1970. |
1167 | Oxford,England | University of Oxford | Exact date uncertain, founded before 1167 (teaching existed since 1096). Teaching suspended in 1209 (due to town execution of two scholars) and 1355 (due to the St. Scholastica riot) |
1175 | Modena,Italy | University of Modena and Reggio Emilia | Due to the fact that it grew around the historical “Studium mutinensis” (Modena’s studies) |
1209 | Cambridge,England | University of Cambridge | |
1218 | Salamanca,Spain | University of Salamanca | |
1220 | Montpellier,France | University of Montpellier | The university was closed in 1793 due to the French Revolution, and its faculties reintegrated under the Imperial University of France in 1808. |
1222 | Padua,Italy | University of Padua | Suspended in 1237-61, 1509-17, 1848-50. |
1224 | Naples,Italy | University of Naples Federico II | Closed in 1435-51, 1451-65, 1474-78, 1480-87, 1496-1507, 1527-29, 1531, 1547, 1562, 1585, etc.[5] |
1229 | Toulouse,France | University of Toulouse | Founded in 1229.[6] |
1233 | Baghdad,Iraq | Mustansiriya University1 (Arabic: الجامعة المستنصرية) | Established by the Abbasid Caliph al-Mustansir in 1233, the college was incorporated into the Baghdad Universityin 1962. |
1240 | Siena,Italy | University of Siena | Closed in 1402-1404 and 1808-14. |
1290 | Coimbra,Portugal | University of Coimbra | Founded in Lisbon and was based there in 1290-1308, 1338-54, and 1377-1537. |
1303 | Rome,Italy | University of Rome La Sapienza | According to the Catholic Encyclopaedia, the university “remained closed during the entire pontificate of Clement VII“. |
1306 | Orl�ans, France | University of Orl�ans | 1306 is the date of the official Papal Bull that gave it the title and privileges of a university ; the universit� had been founded in 1235. |
1308 | Perugia,Italy | University of Perugia | |
1321 | Florence,Italy | University of Florence | moved to Pisa from 1473 to 1497 and from 1515 to 1860 |
1343 | Pisa,Italy | University of Pisa | There is no record of the university between 1403 and 1476. |
1346 | Valladolid,Spain | University of Valladolid | Claims continuity with University of Palencia, founded in 1212 in Palencia [1] |
1348 | Prague,Czech Republic | Charles University of Prague | Three of four faculties closed in 1419, joined with Jesuit university and renamed Charles-Ferdinand U. in 1652, split into German and Czech part in 1882, Czech branch closed during Nazi occupation (1939-1945), German branch closed in 1945. |
1356 | Angers,France | University of Angers | Before being officially recognized in 1356, it existed as a renowned school from the 11th century.[7] |
1361 | Pavia,Italy | University of Pavia | Closed for short periods during the Italian Wars, Napoleonic wars, and Revolutions of 1848. |
1364 | Krak�w, Poland | Cracow Academy | development stalled early, re-established from 1400 onwards |
1365 | Vienna,Austria | University of Vienna | |
1386 | Heidelberg,Germany | Ruprecht Karls University of Heidelberg | Transferred to Neustadt an der Haardt in 1576-83, suppressed between 1632 and 1652, and moved out to Frankfurt am Main and elsewhere in 1689-1700.[8] |
1391 | Ferrara,Italy | University of Ferrara | There was no teaching in 1794-1824 and 1848-50.[2] |
1404 | Turin,Italy | University of Turin | There was no university in Turin between 1536 and 1566 and during the Napoleonic occupation. |
1409 | Leipzig,Germany | University of Leipzig | Founded when German-speaking staff left Prague due to the Jan Hus crisis |
1409 | Marseille/Aix-en-Provence,France | University of Provence | |
1410 | St. Andrews,Scotland | University of St. Andrews | Founded by a Papal Bull |
1419 | Rostock,Germany | University of Rostock | During the Reformation, “the Catholic university of Rostock closed altogether and the closure was long enough to make the refounded body feel a new institution”.[9] |
1425 | Leuven,Belgium | Catholic University of Leuven1 | Transferred to Brussels in 1788, shut down by the French Republic in 1797, reopened in 1816, reorganized in 1834. Since 1968 split between the French-speakingUniversit� catholique de Louvain,Louvain-la-Neuve and the Dutch-speakingKatholieke Universiteit Leuven, still at Leuven. |
1431 | Poitiers,France | University of Poitiers1 | The modern university in Poitiers was founded in 1896 by merging several schools. The old university was abolished during the French Revolution. |
1432 | Caen,France | University of Caen | |
1434 | Catania,Italy | University of Catania | |
1438 | Lund,Sweden | University of Lund | Originally part of Denmark prior to the Peace of Roskilde in 1658. |
1441 | Bordeaux,France | University of Bordeaux | Officially founded in 1441 by a Papal Bull, it was closed due to the French Revolution in 1793. The faculties of Science and of Letters were founded again in 1838, but it is not until 1896 that it recovered its official status as a university.[10] |
1450 | Barcelona,Spain | University of Barcelona | The University of Barcelona was closed by the Bourbon dynasty and transferred toCervera after the War of the Spanish Succession (from 1714 until 1837). |
1451 | Glasgow,Scotland | University of Glasgow | |
1453 | Istanbul,Turkey | Istanbul University1 | Founded as a philosophical and theological higher education institution, refounded 23 July 1846 as a Dar�lf�nun (House of Multiple Sciences), and refounded again on 1 August 1933 as a �niversitesi (Arts and Sciences University). |
1456 | Greifswald,Germany | University of Greifswald | Teaching existed since 1436. Closed down during the Protestant Reformation (1527-39). |
1457 | Freiburg,Germany | Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg | Temporarily transferred to Constance in 1686-98 and 1713-15. |
1460 | Basel,Switzerland | University of Basel | |
1460 | Nantes,France | University of Nantes | |
1472 | Munich,Germany | Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich | Founded in Ingolstadt in 1459, transferred to Landshut in 1800, moved to Munich in 1826. |
1477 | T�bingen,Germany | Eberhard Karls University of T�bingen | |
1477 | Uppsala,Sweden | University of Uppsala | |
1479 | Copenhagen,Denmark | University of Copenhagen | |
1495 | Aberdeen,Scotland | University of Aberdeen | King’s College was founded in 1495 andMarischal College in 1593; they merged in 1860 |
1499 | Madrid,Spain | Complutense University of Madrid | Claims continuity with Estudio de Escuelas Generales de Alcal�, founded in 1293 inAlcal� de Henares |
1499 | Valencia,Spain | University of Valencia |
1 – Controversial/disputed: Regarding the definition of university, which includes the ability to grant degrees in a wide range of fields, the categorization of many of the oldest learning institutions as de facto ancient universities in continuous operation could be controversial and problematic. For example, if the definition were broadened to include ancient institutions that did not originally grant degrees, were strictly religious schools for centuries or vanished without trace for long periods of time, then such categorization may agree with specific points of view which are not widely accepted.
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