Assalamualaikum wbt...

Sabtu, 8 Januari 2011

Universiti Tertua di Dunia...

Senarai Universiti Tertua Di Dunia.


Ramai yg terkeliru ttg universiti manakah yg tertua di dunia, ada yg mengatakan universiti Al-Azhar di Mesir. Saya juga pernah berpandangan begitu. Tetapi ternyata ia meleset kerana masih ada universiti yg lebih tua daripada universiti Al-Azhar...
                                            Universiti Al-Qarawiyyin, Fes, Morocco
Semoga senarai ini memberi satu maklumat baru kepada anda sekalian, dan juga membetulkan persepsi @ maklumat sesetengah pihak.
YearCurrent LocationNameOther notes
859Flag of Morocco Fes,MoroccoUniversity of Al-Karaouine1
(Arabic: جامعة القرويين)
Recognised by the Guinness Book of World Records as the world’s oldest continuously-operating, degree-granting university.[3]
975Flag of Egypt Cairo,EgyptAl-Azhar University1
(Arabic: الأزهر الشريف)
A degree-granting Jam’iah (“university” in Arabic)[1] with individual faculties[4] for a Madrasah and theological seminary,Islamic law and jurisprudenceArabic grammarIslamic astronomyearly Islamic philosophy, and logic in Islamic philosophy.[1]
1088Flag of Italy Bologna,ItalyUniversity of Bologna
1150Flag of France Paris,FranceUniversity of ParisExact date uncertain, founded before 1150. Teaching suspended in 1229. Split into 13 universities in 1970.
1167Flag of England Oxford,EnglandUniversity of OxfordExact date uncertain, founded before 1167 (teaching existed since 1096). Teaching suspended in 1209 (due to town execution of two scholars) and 1355 (due to the St. Scholastica riot)
1175Flag of Italy Modena,ItalyUniversity of Modena and Reggio EmiliaDue to the fact that it grew around the historical “Studium mutinensis” (Modena’s studies)
1209Flag of EnglandCambridge,EnglandUniversity of Cambridge
1218Flag of SpainSalamanca,SpainUniversity of Salamanca
1220Flag of FranceMontpellier,FranceUniversity of MontpellierThe university was closed in 1793 due to the French Revolution, and its faculties reintegrated under the Imperial University of France in 1808.
1222Flag of Italy Padua,ItalyUniversity of PaduaSuspended in 1237-61, 1509-17, 1848-50.
1224Flag of Italy Naples,ItalyUniversity of Naples Federico IIClosed in 1435-51, 1451-65, 1474-78, 1480-87, 1496-1507, 1527-29, 1531, 1547, 1562, 1585, etc.[5]
1229Flag of France Toulouse,FranceUniversity of ToulouseFounded in 1229.[6]
1233Flag of Iraq Baghdad,IraqMustansiriya University1
(Arabicالجامعة المستنصرية)
Established by the Abbasid Caliph al-Mustansir in 1233, the college was incorporated into the Baghdad Universityin 1962.
1240Flag of Italy Siena,ItalyUniversity of SienaClosed in 1402-1404 and 1808-14.
1290Flag of Portugal Coimbra,PortugalUniversity of CoimbraFounded in Lisbon and was based there in 1290-1308, 1338-54, and 1377-1537.
1303Flag of Italy Rome,ItalyUniversity of Rome La SapienzaAccording to the Catholic Encyclopaedia, the university “remained closed during the entire pontificate of Clement VII“.
1306Flag of France Orl�ansFranceUniversity of Orl�ans1306 is the date of the official Papal Bull that gave it the title and privileges of a university ; the universit� had been founded in 1235.
1308Flag of Italy Perugia,ItalyUniversity of Perugia
1321Flag of Italy Florence,ItalyUniversity of Florencemoved to Pisa from 1473 to 1497 and from 1515 to 1860
1343Flag of Italy Pisa,ItalyUniversity of PisaThere is no record of the university between 1403 and 1476.
1346Flag of SpainValladolid,SpainUniversity of ValladolidClaims continuity with University of Palencia, founded in 1212 in Palencia [1]
1348Flag of the Czech Republic Prague,Czech RepublicCharles University of PragueThree of four faculties closed in 1419, joined with Jesuit university and renamed Charles-Ferdinand U. in 1652, split into German and Czech part in 1882, Czech branch closed during Nazi occupation (1939-1945), German branch closed in 1945.
1356Flag of France Angers,FranceUniversity of AngersBefore being officially recognized in 1356, it existed as a renowned school from the 11th century.[7]
1361Flag of Italy Pavia,ItalyUniversity of PaviaClosed for short periods during the Italian WarsNapoleonic wars, and Revolutions of 1848.
1364Flag of Poland Krak�wPolandCracow Academydevelopment stalled early, re-established from 1400 onwards
1365Flag of Austria Vienna,AustriaUniversity of Vienna
1386Flag of GermanyHeidelberg,GermanyRuprecht Karls University of HeidelbergTransferred to Neustadt an der Haardt in 1576-83, suppressed between 1632 and 1652, and moved out to Frankfurt am Main and elsewhere in 1689-1700.[8]
1391Flag of Italy Ferrara,ItalyUniversity of FerraraThere was no teaching in 1794-1824 and 1848-50.[2]
1404Flag of Italy Turin,ItalyUniversity of TurinThere was no university in Turin between 1536 and 1566 and during the Napoleonic occupation.
1409Flag of Germany Leipzig,GermanyUniversity of LeipzigFounded when German-speaking staff left Prague due to the Jan Hus crisis
1409Flag of FranceMarseille/Aix-en-Provence,FranceUniversity of Provence
1410Flag of Scotland St. Andrews,ScotlandUniversity of St. AndrewsFounded by a Papal Bull
1419Flag of Germany Rostock,GermanyUniversity of RostockDuring the Reformation, “the Catholic university of Rostock closed altogether and the closure was long enough to make the refounded body feel a new institution”.[9]
1425Flag of Belgium Leuven,BelgiumCatholic University of Leuven1Transferred to Brussels in 1788, shut down by the French Republic in 1797, reopened in 1816, reorganized in 1834. Since 1968 split between the French-speakingUniversit� catholique de Louvain,Louvain-la-Neuve and the Dutch-speakingKatholieke Universiteit Leuven, still at Leuven.
1431Flag of France Poitiers,FranceUniversity of Poitiers1The modern university in Poitiers was founded in 1896 by merging several schools. The old university was abolished during the French Revolution.
1432Flag of France Caen,FranceUniversity of Caen
1434Flag of Italy Catania,ItalyUniversity of Catania
1438Flag of Sweden Lund,SwedenUniversity of LundOriginally part of Denmark prior to the Peace of Roskilde in 1658.
1441Flag of France Bordeaux,FranceUniversity of BordeauxOfficially founded in 1441 by a Papal Bull, it was closed due to the French Revolution in 1793. The faculties of Science and of Letters were founded again in 1838, but it is not until 1896 that it recovered its official status as a university.[10]
1450Flag of SpainBarcelona,SpainUniversity of BarcelonaThe University of Barcelona was closed by the Bourbon dynasty and transferred toCervera after the War of the Spanish Succession (from 1714 until 1837).
1451Flag of Scotland Glasgow,ScotlandUniversity of Glasgow
1453Flag of Turkey Istanbul,TurkeyIstanbul University1Founded as a philosophical and theological higher education institution, refounded 23 July 1846 as a Dar�lf�nun (House of Multiple Sciences), and refounded again on 1 August 1933 as a ï¿½niversitesi (Arts and Sciences University).
1456Flag of GermanyGreifswald,GermanyUniversity of GreifswaldTeaching existed since 1436. Closed down during the Protestant Reformation (1527-39).
1457Flag of Germany Freiburg,GermanyAlbert Ludwigs University of FreiburgTemporarily transferred to Constance in 1686-98 and 1713-15.
1460Flag of Switzerland Basel,SwitzerlandUniversity of Basel
1460Flag of France Nantes,FranceUniversity of Nantes
1472Flag of Germany Munich,GermanyLudwig Maximilians University of MunichFounded in Ingolstadt in 1459, transferred to Landshut in 1800, moved to Munich in 1826.
1477Flag of Germany T�bingen,GermanyEberhard Karls University of T�bingen
1477Flag of Sweden Uppsala,SwedenUniversity of Uppsala
1479Flag of DenmarkCopenhagen,DenmarkUniversity of Copenhagen
1495Flag of ScotlandAberdeen,ScotlandUniversity of AberdeenKing’s College was founded in 1495 andMarischal College in 1593; they merged in 1860
1499Flag of Spain Madrid,SpainComplutense University of MadridClaims continuity with Estudio de Escuelas Generales de Alcal�, founded in 1293 inAlcal� de Henares
1499Flag of Spain Valencia,SpainUniversity of Valencia
1 – Controversial/disputed: Regarding the definition of university, which includes the ability to grant degrees in a wide range of fields, the categorization of many of the oldest learning institutions as de facto ancient universities in continuous operation could be controversial and problematic. For example, if the definition were broadened to include ancient institutions that did not originally grant degrees, were strictly religious schools for centuries or vanished without trace for long periods of time, then such categorization may agree with specific points of view which are not widely accepted.

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